Azerbaijan is celebrating the 107th anniversary of the establishment of its national security agencies today. This significant date marks the formation of the "Intelligence and Counter-intelligence Department" on March 28, 1919, under the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, aimed at ensuring the young republic's state security.
According to a decree signed by National Leader Heydar Aliyev on March 23, 1997, March 28 is observed annually as the professional holiday for employees of the security agencies. Operative Information Center-OMM provides a brief overview of the historical path and development of Azerbaijan's security services.
The foundation of the modern security architecture was laid by the order of the Minister of Defense of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Samad bey Mehmandarov. During the Soviet era, the agency underwent various structural changes, operating as the Extraordinary Commission (Cheka) and later the State Security Committee (KGB). However, a turning point occurred when Heydar Aliyev was appointed to lead the security agencies in 1967, initiating a policy of "nationalization" by promoting local Azerbaijani personnel and instilling a spirit of national identity within the service.
Modern reforms and strategic development
President Ilham Aliyev has continued to prioritize the modernization of the security sector. Under his leadership, significant structural reforms were implemented, most notably the December 14, 2015, decree which dissolved the Ministry of National Security and established the State Security Service (SSS) and the Foreign Intelligence Service. These reforms were designed to increase efficiency, adapt to modern global challenges, and strengthen Azerbaijan's role as a key member of the international counter-terrorism coalition.
In recent years, these agencies have successfully neutralized numerous armed groups involved in terrorism and made significant strides in combating transnational organized crime, drug trafficking, and cyber threats. The Baku Security Forum, established in 2023, has also become a vital international platform for intelligence agencies from various countries to discuss global security challenges and foster constructive dialogue.
Furthermore, the State Commission on Prisoners of War, Hostages, and Missing Persons continues to work under the special supervision of President Ilham Aliyev to clarify the fate of Azerbaijani citizens missing since the conflict. These efforts, combined with the continuous improvement of material and technical supplies and social protection for personnel, demonstrate the state's commitment to maintaining stability and national interests in the region.
